To effectively learn speed reading you have to unlearn the techniques often taught in schools that force you to read slowly. Understanding your vision and how you perceive a page will help you to learn to read faster. In a normal reading technique the eye has a field of vision, and that varies from a few letters to a few words.
As this field of vision is limited the eye jumps about backwards and forwards following the text. If that field of vision is widened it follows that the eyes move less and if that happens they focus on the written text. This alone will automatically increase the speed at which you read. To widen tour filed of vision you need to read by moving downwards and not move your eyes across a page, because moving the eye from the end of a line to the beginning of the next line effectively slows down your reading speed.
Start with a newspaper column and read downwards, utilise the "Wood" method of speed reading, pull your index finger down the centre of the column. This assists you to focus your field of vision downwards, but forces a wider field of vision to take in the whole line. If you read slowly you are often actually reading the text twice, although you do not realise this. The movement of your eyes pulls your attention back over text that you have already read. Skipping back over the text does not increase your comprehension; educational psychologists have found that your comprehension and memory is improved by skim reading. In actual fact when you have killed the techniques that have always stopped you from reading fast it takes less time to skim read something than it does to read it slowly once? Which means that you have increased your memory potential, your recall and comprehension have improved and you have saved time as well?
Also the slow reader is not fully focused so there attention wanders all over the place and because they are less than interested in the text, other sensory images and thoughts are claiming their attention. We all have limited processing capabilities and our attention wandering is a big factor in slowing down reading. Once you read mechanically your comprehension is reduced because your brain is forced to prioritise, it cannot process everything at once, and it has the capacity to store unlimited amounts of information but at a slower rate.
When we first learnt to read we learned the letters first, and said the letters out loud, and then we repeated the sounds of a syllable, and then read the whole word. This process of vocalisation often carries onto adulthood even though it is often subconscious, the connection between the words of the text and the sounds is strong. This is especially so when one reads technical or difficult text, we tend to read them accompanied by sound. In fact this vocalisation involves not only the lips, it is a latent movement of the eye, which will read faster if reading down and not vocalising.
The five senses send information to the brain to be processed and memorised. When the brain has to interpret a visual and an audio signal it takes longer to process that information than it would if it was merely a visual image of the letters. All of these techniques are in essence unlearning rather than learning and they therefore take practise.
Another bad habit that was taught in schools as a matter of course that it is necessary to read every letter to understand. In fact this is not the case but it does take a fair amount of practise to unlearn. If you read the titles, the headings, they will summarise what you are going to read. If you understand the title of the paragraph then skip it, leave it our from your reading. This of course if effective with a first reading of a textbook but not a helpful technique with a novel, because you can quite literally lose the plot.
In conclusion it is helpful to allow your brain to focus out and not concentrate on every word, but focus the eyes. Even if you have misunderstood what you have read do not go back. Regression is the second biggest technique that slows reading down. Go back when you have finished and read again.
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By Trevor Johnson 
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